1 Peter 4:3

Authorized King James Version

For the time past of our life may suffice us to have wrought the will of the Gentiles, when we walked in lasciviousness, lusts, excess of wine, revellings, banquetings, and abominable idolatries:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀρκετὸς
may suffice
satisfactory
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
ἡμῖν
us
to (or for, with, by) us
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
παρεληλυθὼς
past
to come near or aside, i.e., to approach (arrive), go by (or away), (figuratively) perish or neglect, (causative) avert
#6
χρόνος
the time
a space of time (in general, and thus properly distinguished from g2540, which designates a fixed or special occasion; and from g0165, which denotes a
#7
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
βίου
of our life
life, i.e., (literally) the present state of existence; by implication, the means of livelihood
#9
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
θέλημα
the will
a determination (properly, the thing), i.e., (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination
#11
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἐθνῶν
of the Gentiles
a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)
#13
κατεργάσασθαι,
to have wrought
to work fully, i.e., accomplish; by implication, to finish, fashion
#14
πεπορευμένους
when we walked
to traverse, i.e., travel (literally or figuratively; especially to remove (figuratively, die), live, etc.)
#15
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#16
ἀσελγείαις
lasciviousness
licentiousness (sometimes including other vices)
#17
ἐπιθυμίαις
lusts
a longing (especially for what is forbidden)
#18
οἰνοφλυγίαις
excess of wine
an overflow (or surplus) of wine, i.e., vinolency (drunkenness)
#19
κώμοις
revellings
a carousal (as if letting loose)
#20
πότοις
banquetings
a drinking-bout or carousal
#21
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#22
ἀθεμίτοις
abominable
illegal; by implication, flagitious
#23
εἰδωλολατρείαις·
idolatries
image-worship (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Peter, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of life connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about life, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Peter.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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